Comprehensive geriatric assessment for community‐dwelling elderly in Asia compared with those in Japan: V. West Java in Indonesia

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Abstract

<jats:p><jats:bold>Background: </jats:bold> The objective of the present study is to compare the findings of comprehensive geriatric assessments between community‐dwelling elderly in Indonesia and those in Japan.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: </jats:bold> A cross‐sectional, interview‐ and examination‐based was undertaken. Subjects of the study consisted of community‐dwelling elderly living in two rural towns in Indonesia and in a town in Japan: 436 people aged 62 years and over who were living in two rural towns in west Java in Indonesia, and 411 people aged 65 years and over who were living in Kyoto, Japan. They were examined using a common comprehensive geriatric assessment tool. Interviews, or mail surveys were conducted pertaining to activities of daily living (ADL), medical and social history, quality of life (QOL) and the 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale, as well as anthropometric, neurobehavioral and blood chemical examinations were included in the assessment. The findings from the three groups were compared using <jats:sc>anova</jats:sc> and Post Hoc Scheffe's <jats:italic>F</jats:italic>‐test.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: </jats:bold> The scores of basic ADLs, instrumental self‐maintenance, intellectual activities, social role and Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG‐IC) were lower in the two Indonesian towns than in Japan. The prevalence of depression (15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale score of 6 or more and of 10 or more) was higher and QOL scores, except subjective sense of family and friend relationship, were lower in the Indonesian elderly subjects than in the Japanese ones. Mean blood pressure measurements and the proportion of subjects with systolic pressure > 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure > 90 mmHg was higher in Indonesia than in Japan while body mass index was lower in the Indonesians than in Japanese. Total cholesterol levels and blood hemoglobin levels were lower in the Indonesian elderly than in the Japanese.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion: </jats:bold> In economically developing Indonesia, the elderly had lower ADLs and QOLs, than Japanese elderly. Of particular note is the higher rate of hypertension in West Java in Indonesia, which is probably associated with dietary habits. Although several trials for examining or caring system for old people have been implemented in Indonesia, they have begun only recently.</jats:p>

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