Pediatric Case ReportClinical Features and Testicular Morphology in Patients with Kallmann Syndrome
Section snippets
Case 1
An 11-year-old boy was referred to our hospital for right cryptorchidism. His right testis was nonpalpable, and contralateral testicular size was 9 × 8 × 8 mm. We performed laparoscopic surgery and found that the right testis was intracanalicular. With simultaneous laparoscopic procedures, we were able to place the testis in the scrotum. We also performed a testicular biopsy during the same surgery. Histologic examination of the testis showed immature seminiferous tubules with mild interstitial
Comment
Here, we present 3 case reports of KS and describe the details of each case. Importantly, immunohistochemistry for Ad4BP/SF1 of the testis in one case was performed, and we assessed the presence of somatic cells in the testis of IHH. Contrary to our predictions, some Leydig cells were detected in the testis of IHH.
KS is a developmental disorder characterized by the occurrence of simultaneous IHH and olfactory dysfunction.1 KS is caused by an isolated defect in the secretion of GnRH by the
Conclusions
We have reviewed 3 cases of diagnosed KS and assessed the properties of each case. Although it is difficult to distinguish between KS and CDGP, LH-RH and hCG tests were useful for differential diagnosis. The present study showed the presence of Leydig cells in the testis of one patient with IHH using immunohistochemistry for Ad4BP/SF1, even though Leydig cells were reportedly absent. Testicular morphology in the patients with KS is more varied than expected, and further investigations are
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