Carbonated nanohydroxyapatite from bone waste and its potential as a super adsorbent for removal of toxic ions

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105114Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Highly carbonated nanohydroxyapatite (C-NHAP) adsorbent was prepared from bone waste.

  • The C-NHAP exhibited high adsorption properties for Sr2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+.

  • The higher the CO32− ratio of C-NHAP, the higher will be the Sr2+ adsorptivity.

  • The C-NHAP prepared from bone waste is an eco-friendly and low-cost material.

Abstract

The effective, low-cost decontamination of toxic metals is critical for addressing global health risks, reducing environmental pollution, and building a sustainable future. Here, we developed an eco-friendly hydroxyapatite nanocrystal adsorbent made from bone waste that can effectively capture 90Sr. Highly carbonated nanohydroxyapatite (C-NHAP) crystals with a negatively charged surface were obtained by simply immersing pig bone in an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3). Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that the C-NHAP was highly carbonated and that the amount of introduced carbonate ions (CO32−) increased with increasing NaHCO3 concentration in the immersion solution. With increasing amount of CO32− ions introduced into the C-NHAP, it exhibited a greater ion-adsorption performance. The distribution coefficient (Kd = 24,780 mL g−1) of the C-NHAP for Sr2+ was approximately 20 and 250 times greater than those of clinoptilolite and untreated bone, respectively. The C-NHAP also exhibited high adsorption capacity (Qe = 125 mg g−1) for Sr2+. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra showed that the CO32− sites in C-NHAP played an important role in its high adsorption performance. The C-NHAP exhibited high adsorptivity for Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. The C-NHAP prepared from bone waste is an eco-friendly, high-performance, low-cost material that should be useful in environmental pollutant removal and food waste disposal.

Keywords

Decontamination
Hydroxyapatite
Adsorption
Toxic ions
Carbonate substitution

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