Jamming transitions in force-based models for pedestrian dynamics

Mohcine Chraibi, Takahiro Ezaki, Antoine Tordeux, Katsuhiro Nishinari, Andreas Schadschneider, and Armin Seyfried
Phys. Rev. E 92, 042809 – Published 12 October 2015

Abstract

Force-based models describe pedestrian dynamics in analogy to classical mechanics by a system of second order ordinary differential equations. By investigating the linear stability of two main classes of forces, parameter regions with unstable homogeneous states are identified. In this unstable regime it is then checked whether phase transitions or stop-and-go waves occur. Results based on numerical simulations show, however, that the investigated models lead to unrealistic behavior in the form of backwards moving pedestrians and overlapping. This is one reason why stop-and-go waves have not been observed in these models. The unrealistic behavior is not related to the numerical treatment of the dynamic equations but rather indicates an intrinsic problem of this model class. Identifying the underlying generic problems gives indications how to define models that do not show such unrealistic behavior. As an example we introduce a force-based model which produces realistic jam dynamics without the appearance of unrealistic negative speeds for empirical desired walking speeds.

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  • Received 8 December 2014
  • Revised 21 September 2015

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.92.042809

©2015 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Mohcine Chraibi1,*, Takahiro Ezaki2, Antoine Tordeux1, Katsuhiro Nishinari3, Andreas Schadschneider4, and Armin Seyfried1

  • 1Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
  • 2Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
  • 3Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
  • 4Institute for Theoretical Physics, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany

  • *m.chraibi@fz-juelich.de

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Vol. 92, Iss. 4 — October 2015

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